Which Italian term translates to 'gradually slow down'?

The Italian term that translates to 'gradually slow down' is "Ritardando." This musical directive indicates to the performer to decrease the tempo gradually, creating a natural slowing of the music. It is often employed to build tension or to prepare for a change in the musical phrase.

Understanding the nuances of tempo and how to communicate them effectively is essential for both performers and composers, as it directly influences the expressiveness and emotional impact of a musical piece. The other options do not pertain to slowing down: "Animato" suggests a lively and spirited tempo, "Ad libitum" allows for freedom in tempo or improvisation, and "Bene" means well, which does not apply to tempo at all. Each term plays a unique role in musical terminology, but only "Ritardando" explicitly instructs slowing down the pace.